Abstract Cores and filamentary structures are the prime birthplaces of stars, and play key roles in the process of star formation. Latest advances in the methods of multi-scale source and filament extraction, and in making highresolution column density map from Herschel multi-wavelength observations enable us to detect the filamentary network structures in highly complex molecular cloud environments. The statistics for physical parameters shows that core mass strongly correlates with core dust temperature, and M/L strongly correlates with M/T, which is in line with the prediction of the blackbody radiation, and can be used to trace evolutionary sequence from unbound starless cores to robust prestellar cores. Crest column densities of the filamentary structures are clearly related with mass per unit length (Mline), but are uncorrelated by three orders ranging from ∼1020 to ∼1022 cm−2 with widths. Full width at half maximum has a median value of 0.15 pc, which is consistent with the 0.1 pc typical inner width of the filamentary structures reported by previous research. We find 70% of robust prestellar cores (135/199) embedded in supercritical filaments with \(M_{\rm line} > 16 M_{\odot}\rm pc^{-1}\) , which implies that the gravitationally bound cores come from fragmentation of supercritical filaments. On the basis of observational evidence that the probability distribution function with power-law distribution in the Perseus south is flatter than in the north, the number of young stellar objects in the south is significantly less than that in the north, and dust temperature is different. We infer that the south region is more gravitationally bound than the north region.

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