Vol 19, No 9

LSTM neural network for solar radio spectrum classification

Long Xu, Yi-Hua Yan, Xue-Xin Yu, Wei-Qiang Zhang, Jie Chen, Ling-Yu Duan

Abstract

Abstract A solar radio spectrometer records solar radio radiation in the radio waveband. Such solar radio radiation spanning multiple frequency channels and over a short time period could provide a solar radio spectrum which is a two dimensional image. The vertical axis of a spectrum represents frequency channel and the horizontal axis signifies time. Intrinsically, time dependence exists between neighboring columns of a spectrum since solar radio radiation varies continuously over time. Thus, a spectrum can be treated as a time series consisting of all columns of a spectrum, while treating it as a general image would lose its time series property. A recurrent neural network (RNN) is designed for time series analysis. It can explore the correlation and interaction between neighboring inputs of a time series by augmenting a loop in a network. This paper makes the first attempt to utilize an RNN, specifically long short-term memory (LSTM), for solar radio spectrum classification. LSTM can mine well the context of a time series to acquire more information beyond a non-time series model. As such, as demonstrated by our experimental results, LSTM can learn a better representation of a spectrum, and thus contribute better classification.

Keywords

Keywords deep learning — long short-term memory (LSTM) — classification — solar radio spectrum — solar burst detection

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