Abstract I present a short review of our current understanding of Pulsar Wind Nebulae (PWNe). I will try to highlight the recent progress made towards solving some long standing puzzles concerning the physics of these objects. The main focus will be on the problems related to the dissipation of the pulsar wind energy and to the acceleration of the relativistic particles that produce the non-thermal nebular emission. The kind of observations that will possibly provide, in the near future, important information concerning some of the open problems will also be discussed, together with some possible lines of development of future theoretical work.
Keywords acceleration of particles - MHD - neutrinos - shock waves - stars: winds, outflows - supernova remnants
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