Color gradients of spiral disks in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

Abstract

We investigate the radial color gradients of galactic disks using a sample of ~ 20 000 face-on spiral galaxies selected from the fourth data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-DR4).We combine galaxies with similar concentrations, sizes and luminosities to construct composite galaxies, and then measure their color profiles by stacking the azimuthally averaged radial color profiles of all the member galaxies. Except for the smallest galaxies (R₅₀ < 3 kpc), almost all galaxies show negative disk color gradients with mean g − r gradient mag kpc⁻¹ and r − z gradient mag kpc⁻¹. The disk color gradients are independent of the morphological types of galaxies and strongly dependent on the disk surface brightness μ_d, with lower surface brightness galactic disks having steeper color gradients.We quantify the intrinsic correlation between color gradients and surface brightness as G_gr = −0.011μ_d + 0.233 and G_rz = −0.015μ_d + 0.324. These quantified correlations provide tight observational constraints on the formation and evolution models of spiral galaxies.